1, refractory and casting

　　Zirconia has two major refractories market. The first is a continuous casting refractory material, especially the isobaric products. These products are used for the liquid outlet and immersion nozzle tundish and ladle. A sliding barrier is also used for the use of zirconium oxide, in particular for exposure to the central region of the highest temperature. Partially stabilized by calcium oxide and magnesium oxide two are in use, however, usually calcium oxide (calcia) is relatively cheap.

　　The second major markets are the production of fused alumina zirconia silica (AZS) refractories for the glass industry. Zirconia provides resistance to high temperature and corrosion resistance to molten glass. Because there is no reaction zone, so the glass will not produce gravel.

　　Here the main producers of Japan and Vesuvius subsidiary enterprises of mono flex Monofrax, Shengge Book enterprises sefpro SEFPRO, Weiciqilei dyke, sub enterprise Lai Phil REFEL, Hungary Motim (motim) Asahi Glass (Asahi Glass Co., Ltd.). These products are mainly composed of fused zirconia (or oblique zircon) in the electric arc furnace with the melting of aluminum oxide and silicon oxide. After the melt flow is poured into the sand or sometimes for graphite model in the mechanical design of the block.

　　Aluminum zirconium silicon (AZS) refractory materials are graded by zirconia, which limits the corrosion resistance of the product. General the industry produces 33% zircon, 37% zircon and 41% zircon products. Sometimes the zircon sand with a single crystalline zirconia is added to the furnace to adjust the content of zirconia.

　　2, investment casting

　　This is another major market for zirconia. Special products cast, such as aerospace engines, using zirconia as a model of the coating. The products here include turbine engine blades and golf clubs etc.. Zircon due to its ability to form the actual contact with the hot metal alloy, so as to protect the mold heat effect of vibration, and in investment casting has been applied.

　　3, dyes and pigments

　　In the industrial ceramics, sanitary ceramics, tableware, brick and tile production need colored glaze, the glaze is resistant to high temperature roasting. For the preparation of zirconia as pigments, such as yellow, blue and praseodymium vanadium iron coral powder. Sunge, and Australia as the molten material is the main supplier of the market. Zircon is also used in the preparation of ceramic pigments.

　　The metallic pigment is added to the monoclinic zirconia or Baddeleyit and mixture after milling and baking. The product was washed again after grinding into fine powder. This product is added to some with alumina and feldspar, mainly for the oxidation of silicon powder in ceramic glaze. Most of the ceramic pigment production has shifted to Asia, the United States and Europe have left limited production.

　　4, grinding materials

　　Zirconium oxide and aluminum oxide are mixed into coarse abrasive grains, and the combination of the grinding wheel and the coated abrasives are used for grinding steel and metal alloy. Sunge the Norton (Norton) by the company and become a major producer of abrasive materials. Other suppliers including El Faye Sa Elfusa, Washington mills (Washington mills), Trevor Baiche (Treibacher, < laufenburg factory >) and others.

　　5, advanced ceramics and special products

　　Plate setter is a major market for stabilized zirconia. Stable zirconium oxide is also used for oxygen sensor and fuel cell separator, because it has a unique ability to move the oxygen ion in the crystal structure under high temperature conditions. This high level of ionic conductivity (as well as low variable electron conductivity) makes it one of the most useful electrical ceramic materials. In these markets, the application of chemical grade zirconium oxide is often more than that of electrical products. Other specialty markets include pump and high value components, special tool parts, and brake linings. The GEM market also uses the fully stable cubic crystalline phase of the yttrium oxide stabilized zirconia, in the jewelry industry as a cheaper alternative to replace drilling.